Water and nitrogen balance

organs that removes waste products such as urea from the blood and regulates water and ion balance by producing urine

charged particles, such as sodium (Na⁺) and potassium (K⁺), that are important for processes such as nerve impulses and muscle contraction

a waste product formed in the liver from the breakdown of excess amino acids, which is excreted by the kidneys

the net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration

the regulation of the internal conditions of a cell or organism to maintain optimum conditions for function