6.6 Electromagnetic waves

Unit Summary

Mapped against the AQA GCSE Trilogy Science specification, this unit on electromagnetic (EM) waves is designed to build on prior knowledge from earlier key stages, particularly from topics on waves and energy transfer. It reinforces foundational ideas such as wave properties and the electromagnetic spectrum while introducing more advanced applications and implications of EM wave behaviour in a structured and progressive way. Although schools have flexibility in sequencing, the unit assumes that learning builds cumulatively, with each year deepening understanding of key scientific principles.

Both substantive knowledge (core content such as the nature, uses, and dangers of EM waves) and disciplinary knowledge (working scientifically) are embedded throughout. A key component of this unit is the required practical: investigate how the amount of infrared radiation absorbed or radiated by a surface depends on the nature of that surface. This hands-on investigation allows students to apply theoretical understanding of infrared radiation to real experimental data, reinforcing the link between abstract concepts and measurable outcomes. The topic offers rich opportunities for students to develop investigative skills, including evaluating risks, interpreting data, and applying theoretical knowledge to practical contexts.

This unit also supports students in understanding the societal and technological relevance of EM waves, from communication technologies and medical imaging to the risks of ionising radiation. At Developing Experts, we are committed to helping schools deliver the National Curriculum while broadening students’ scientific curiosity and career aspirations. The electromagnetic spectrum is not just a theoretical construct—it underpins innovations in areas such as satellite technology, X-ray diagnostics, fibre optics, and remote sensing. By linking classroom learning to real-world applications, students are encouraged to see themselves as part of the future of science and technology.