English National Curriculum - Science
Mission Objectives
Describe the structure of DNA, including nucleotides, and explain how the two strands are held together
Explain how DNA is used to make proteins and why protein shape is important for its function
Describe what mutations are and explain how they can affect proteins and organisms in different ways
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Words and meanings to learn
complementary base pairing
the specific pairing of bases in DNA where adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine
protein synthesis
the process by which the information in a gene is used to build a protein from amino acids at a ribosome
DNA
the chemical that carries genetic information in the nucleus of a cell
mutation
a change in the base sequence of DNA that may affect the structure and function of a protein
nucleotide
the basic building block of DNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a base
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